Botox® (Botulinum toxin) has been used by Dr. Glavey since 1994. It is injected to relax facial muscles and is most beneficial for the treatment for frown lines, forehead furrows, and also "crow's feet". It can also be injected to reverse the downward turn of the angle of the mouth.

With Botox Cosmetic you can eliminate fine lines and wrinkles and achieve a more relaxed appearance. Botox® works by relaxing the facial muscles which contract and form wrinkle patterns in the skin. Botox® is injected with a tiny needle into specific muscles of the face and neck. Injections of Botox should be performed by an experience physician who has customized the injections to compliment the features of your face. Injections of Botox Cosmetic can result in a decrease in the appearance of frown lines, forehead lines, crow’s feet, lines around the mouth, cheek lines, and neck bands.

How BOTOX Works
Botox Cosmetic is administered in very low doses through a few tiny injections into over-active muscles. Botox enables the muscles to relax by blocking the chemical which normally causes these muscles to contract. The effects of Botox are extremely localized and will not effect other areas on your face. Your smile, laugh and facial expressions will remain the same.

History and Background on Botox
German physician Justinus Kerner was the first physician to write scientific papers on the medical benefits of botulinum toxin. Dr. Kerner conceived the idea that the toxin could be used to control excessive muscle activity. In 1928, Dr. Tessner Snipe purified botulinum toxin A in the laboratory and tested it on animals with spastic muscle disorders. In 1973, Dr. Alan Scott published the first scientific articles on standardized dosing of Botox for eye movement disorders, especially blepharospasm. Most of this work was performed at Smith-Kettllewell Eye Research Institute in San Francisco. After further work at Columbia University, the FDA approved the use of Botox for eye spasms in 1989.

Many opthalmologists noticed that when Botox was injected into muscles of the eyes, the patients appreciated improvement in the wrinkles around the eyes. The first physicians to publish a scientific article discussing the cosmetic benefits of Botox were a husband and wife physician team in Vancouver. Dr. Jean Carruthers (an ophthalmologic surgeon) and Dr. Alistair Carruthers (a dermatologist) published a series of “before and after” photos of patients who had received injections of Botox for wrinkling around the eyes and between the eyebrows. Dr. Jean and Alistair Carruthers taught Dr. Glavey the method of injection of Botox while at a meeting at the American Academy of Dermatology in New Orleans in 1994. Dr. Glavey has continued her training in injection since 1994. Botox was approved for cosmetic use by the FDA in 2002.

Allergan Pharmaceuticals owns Botox Cosmetic TM. Allergan has worked diligently to maintain absolute purity of the toxin to prevent counterfeit manufacturing of the toxin.

For over 18 years Dr. Glavey has expanded her use of Botox for many cosmetic and medical problems. These include:

• Treatment of wrinkles of the eyes, lips, and forehead
• Treatment of the downward turn of the mouth
• Treatment of hooked nose
• Treatment of pebbled chins
• Treatment of neck bands and neck lines
• Treatment of excessive underarm perspiration
• Migraine headache relief
• Treatment of lines above the umbilicus, above the knees, and between the breasts
• Treatment of “gummy” smiles
• Treatment of painful surgical scars, such as scars from open-heart surgery
• Treatment of excessive perspiration of the hands

It is important for all patients to know that the injection of Botox requires great skill and should be individualized to each patient’s unique anatomy. As with all of medicine:

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